Seeking Forgiveness (إستغفار)
10th July 2018, 26 Syawal 1439H
Seeking Forgiveness (إستغفار)
Istighfar (إستغفار) is an arabic word which means, "asking for Allah's forgiveness"
the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever persists in asking for forgiveness, Allah will grant him relief from every worry, and a way out from every hardship, and will grant him provision from (sources) he could never imagine." (Sunan Ibn Majah: 3819 & Sunan Abi Dawud: 1518)
Dari Abdullah bin ‘Abbas dia berkata; Rasulullah SAW bersabda: “Barang siapa yang melazimi membaca istighfar, Allah akan menjadikan dari setiap kesedihan kelonggaran, dan dari setiap kesempitan jalan keluar dan memberi rezeki kepadanya dari arah yang tidak disangka-sangka.”
(HR Ibnu Majah & HR Abu Daud)
(HR Ibnu Majah & HR Abu Daud)
Remembrance of Allah
Ikrimah quoted Ibn Abbas as saying: When asking for something you should raise your hands opposite to your shoulders; when asking for forgiveness you should point with one finger; and when making an earnest supplication you should spread out both your hands. (Sunan Abi Dawud: 1489)
وعن ثوبان رضي الله عنه قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إذا انصرف من صلاته استغفر ثلاثا ، وقال : " اللهم أنت السلام ومنك السلام تباركت يا ذا الجلال والإكرام “ قيل للأوزاعي ، وهو أحد رواة الحديث : كيف الاستغفار ؟ قال : يقول : أستغفر الله أستغفر الله " ((رواه مسلم)).
Whenever the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) concluded his prayer, he would beg forgiveness from Allah thrice and then would recite: "Allahumma Antas- Salamu, wa minkas-salamu, tabarakta ya Dhal-Jalali wal-Ikram (O Allah, You are the Grantor of security, and security comes from You. You are Blessing, O You Who have majesty and nobility)!" (Imam) Al-Awza'i, one of the narrators of this Hadith, was asked: "How forgiveness is to be sought?" He answered: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say: 'Astaghfirullah! Astaghfirullah! (I beseech Allah for forgiveness, I beseech Allah for forgiveness)'." [Muslim & Riyad As Salihin].
Seeking Forgiveness for on behalf of parents
It was narrated that 'Ali said:
"I heard a man praying for forgiveness for his parents who were idolaters, and I said: 'Are you praying for forgiveness for them even though they are idolators?" He said: 'Didn't Ibrahim pray for forgiveness for his father?' I went to the Prophet and told him about that, then the following revealed: And Ibrahim's (Abraham) invoking (of Allah) for his father's forgiveness was only because of a promise he (Ibrahim) had made to him (his father)." (Daif) (Sunan An-Nasa'i: 2036)
Repentance in other religions
Surat Al-Baqarah (The Cow), Chapter 2, Verse 54:
وعن شداد بن أوس رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: "سيد الإستغفار أن يقول العبد : اللهم أنت ربي، لا إله إلا أنت ، خلقتني وأنا عبدك، وأنا على عهدك ووعدك ما استطعت أعوذ بك من شر ما صنعت أبوء لك بنعمتك علي، وأبوء بذنبي، فاغفر لي فإنه لا يغفر الذنوب إلا أنت، من قالها من النهار موقنا بها، فمات من يومه قبل أن يمسي، فهو من أهل الجنة، ومن قالها من الليل وهو موقن بها فمات قبل أن يصبح، فهو من أهل الجنة” ((رواه البخاري)). (1)
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The best supplication for seeking forgiveness (Syed-ul- Istighfar) is to say: 'Allahumma Anta Rabbi, la ilaha illa Anta, khalaqtani wa ana 'abduka, wa ana 'ala 'ahdika wa wa'dika mastata'tu, a'udhu bika min sharri ma sana'tu, abu'u laka bini'matika 'alayya, wa abu'u bidhanbi faghfir li, fa innahu la yaghfirudh-dhunuba illa Anta. (O Allah! You are my Rubb. There is no true god except You. You have created me, and I am Your slave, and I hold to Your Covenant as far as I can. I seek refuge in You from the evil of what I have done. I acknowledge the favours that You have bestowed upon me, and I confess my sins. Pardon me, for none but You has the power to pardon).' He who supplicates in these terms during the day with firm belief in it and dies on the same day (before the evening), he will be one of the dwellers of Jannah; and if anyone supplicates in these terms during the night with firm belief in it and dies before the morning, he will be one of the dwellers of Jannah." [Al-Bukhari & Riyad As-Salihin].
Seeking Forgiveness for on behalf of parents
We were sitting with Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when a man of Banu Salamah came to him and asked, "O Messenger of Allah! Is there any obedience to parents left that I can show to them after their death?" He (ﷺ) replied, "Yes, to pray for them, to supplicate for their forgiveness, to fulfill their promises after their death, to maintain the ties of kinship which cannot be maintained except through them, and honour their friends." [Riyad as-Salihin & Abu Dawud].
The Prohibition Of Asking For Forgiveness For The Idolaters
Surat At-Tawbah (The Repentance), Chapter 9, Verse 114:
"And the request of forgiveness of Abraham for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became apparent to Abraham that his father was an enemy to Allah , he disassociated himself from him. Indeed was Abraham compassionate and patient." (Quran 9:114)
"I heard a man praying for forgiveness for his parents who were idolaters, and I said: 'Are you praying for forgiveness for them even though they are idolators?" He said: 'Didn't Ibrahim pray for forgiveness for his father?' I went to the Prophet and told him about that, then the following revealed: And Ibrahim's (Abraham) invoking (of Allah) for his father's forgiveness was only because of a promise he (Ibrahim) had made to him (his father)." (Daif) (Sunan An-Nasa'i: 2036)
"And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "O my people, indeed you have wronged yourselves by your taking of the calf [for worship]. So repent to your Creator and kill yourselves. That is best for [all of] you in the sight of your Creator." Then He accepted your repentance; indeed, He is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful." (Quran 2: 54)
References:
- إستغفار (Istighfar) in Quran, https://legacy.quran.com/search?q=%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1, viewed 10th July 2018.
- إستغفار (Istighfar) in Hadith, https://sunnah.com/search/?q=%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1, viewed 10th July 2018.
- The Book of Forgiveness, Riyad As-Salihin, https://sunnah.com/riyadussaliheen/20, viewed 10th July 2018.
- Book of Etiquette, Sunan Ibnu Majah, https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah/33, viewed 10th July 2018.
- Koleksi Hadis 102: Kelebihan Istighfar, http://islamic.utm.my/ajmain/2015/12/23/perkongsian-1-hari-1-hadis-kelebihan-istighfar/, published 23th November 2015.
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